Uses
Metal halide lamps are used both for general lighting purposes, and for very specific applications that require specific UV or blue-frequency light.
Because of their wide spectrum, they are used for indoor growing applications, in athletic facilities and are quite popular with reef aquarists, who need a high intensity light source for their corals.
Most LCD, DLP, high wattage light applications and film projectors use metal halide lamps as their light source.
Operation
Like other gas-discharge lamps such as the very-similar mercury-vapor lamps, metal halide lamps produce light by passing an electric arc through a mixture of gases. In a metal halide lamp, the compact arc tube contains a high-pressure mixture of argon, mercury, and a variety of metalhalides. The mixture of halides will affect the nature of light produced, influencing the correlated color temperature and intensity (making the light bluer, or redder, for example). The argon gas in the lamp is easily ionized, and facilitates striking the arc across the two electrodes when voltage is first applied to the lamp. The heat generated by the arc then vaporizes the mercury and metal halides, which produce light as the temperature and pressure increases.
Common operating conditions inside the arc tube are 5-50 atm or more (70–700 psi or 500-5000 kPa) and 1000-3000 °C. Like all other gas discharge lamps, metal halide lamps requireauxiliary equipment to provide proper starting and operating voltages and regulate the current flow in the lamp. About 24% of the energy used by metal halide lamps produces light (65–115 lm/W), making them substantially more efficient than incandescent bulbs.
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