Turning is the process whereby a single point cutting tool is parallel to the surface. It can be done manually. In a traditional form of lathe, turning often requires continuous supervision by the operator. However, in modern time, it can be operated by CNC turning machine which is controlled by a computer and an automated lathe. When turning, a piece of material (wood, metal, plastic, or stone) is rotated and a cutting tool is traversed along 2 axes of motion to produce precise diameters and depths.
CNC turning machine is rapidly replacing the older production lathe machine, thanks to its ease of setting, operation, repeatability and accuracy. Controlled electronically via a computer menu style interface, the program of this machine may be modified and displayed at the machine, along with a simulated view of the process. It requires the higher level of skill and more comprehensive knowledge for the operation to perform the turning process.
The design of a CNC lathe varies with different manufacturers; nevertheless, they all have some common elements. For instance, the turret holds the tool holders and indexes them as needed and the spindle holds the workpiece. According to the Occupational health and safety (OH&S) issues, machine
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